One of THE approaches in modern literary criticism is psychological criticism. We can perform psychoanalysis on fictional characters in THE same way as we do on real human beings, which help to obtain a better understanding of THE work as well as to improve THE status of literature. After providing an introduction regarding THE relationship between literature and psychology, this paper will analyze Alavi’s “THE LEAD SOLDIER” (Sarbaz-e-Sorbi) from a psychological point of view. “THE LEAD SOLDIER” is one of THE stories in his collection “THE suitcase (Chamedan)” which was written according to Freudian ideas and THEories.

Phytoremediation of LEAD using plants in LEAD-contaminated soils is a new and safe environmental technology. By adding chelators and increasing plant extraction, THE efficiency of this technology can be increased. In this regard, we evaluated THE effect of adding EDTA chelates to LEAD-contaminated soils to investigate THE amount of LEAD accumulation in a medicinal plant, Calendula officinalis. We designed a factorial experiment in THE form of a completely randomized, with three replicates in pots and two factors including EDTA at two levels (0, 50 mg kg-1) and LEAD at four levels (0, 30, 90, and 270 mg kg-1). In this plant, THE accumulation of LEAD was accompanied by an increase in THE amount of LEAD in THE soil due to THE addition of EDTA to THE soil. THE results showed that EDTA significantly increased THE LEAD translocation of LEAD from roots to THE aerial part of THE plant.Total Chl. and shoot dry weight decrease significantly in EDTA treatment than control specific at a high level of Pb in THE soil. Also, THE results showed that EDTA increased LEAD removal from soil to soil solution and increased LEAD translocation from roots to THE aerial part of THE plant of Calendula officinalis. In general, THE results of this research showed that with THE careful management and EDTA use in LEAD extraction, it has provided a cost-effective and safe environmentally strategy.

THE ethical actions are important because of THE priority of THE mission goal and THEir close relationship with social progress and development. THErefore, THE purpose of this research is THE identification and social analysis of THEse types of actions among THE verses of revelation and it deals with THE effect of ethical actions in THE production of social capital in THE process of progress based on religious teachings and answers THEse questions based on THE Quranic teachings. What impact do ethical actions (behavior) have on THE formation of social progress? How do moral actions generate social capital and influence progress (development)? What coordinates, examples and dimensions does this group of actions have? What are THE effects and consequences of this group of actions? Those actions that are desirable and progressive in THE development of social interactions have been socially studied, analyzed and searched by using THE inductive content analysis method. Honesty, trustworthiness and fulfillment of an obligation, altruism (Arabic: إیثار, self-sacrifice), asking forgiveness or istighfār (Arabic: استغفار ʾistiġfār), and forgiving oTHErs, kindness, non-violence, chastity and purity, patience and honesty and benevolent actions combined with social supervision have been discussed, which LEAD to sincerity, togeTHErness, coherence and expansion of social interactions and emotional relationships far from hatred and warm and emotional relationships and as a result, it causes THE production of social capital and its improvement and will LEAD to THE density of actions focused on purpose and excellence that are necessary for progress.

THE city's regeneration is one of THE strategies that LEAD to urban deterioration and inefficient textures towards revitalization. Using systems thinking on THE subject of reinvention can LEAD to THE identification of complex systems that are considered effective in producing and reproducing worn-out textures. In this regard, this study was to benefit from a systemic approach in identifying THE THE roots of THE production and reproduction of historical/worn-out textures in Semnan city. THE LEADing research is among THE applied research, and in terms of information and data analysis, it uses THE descriptive-analytical method. THE tool for collecting information is also in documents and surveys. THE statistical population of THE research was 18 university professors, experts, and officials familiar with THE urban fabric of Semnan, who were selected by THE snowball method. In THE end, using experts' opinions, 24 variables were selected as effective drivers of Semnan's production-reproduction system of worn tissue. MicMac software was used for structural-interpretive analysis of variables. THE results show that THE rules and regulations governing THE regeneration of THE studied area are THE most important and effective factors. Also, THE special ownership conditions governing barren, ruined, and ruined lands have caused THE private sector to have no incentive to invest in this area and reproduce THE existing conditions. With THE continuation of THE current process, THE existing situation is reproduced. Breaking this round of THE reproduction process requires a constructive look at THE target neighborhoods from THE city administration and government agencies, which can provide THE basis for THE presence of private sector investors in THEse neighborhoods

Purpose: THE present research aimed at finding an answer to THE question of THE process of influence of cyberspace on Iranian Poetry in THE future, and THE influence of cyberspace on various aspects of poetry such as content, its audience, THE poet, THE media that published THE poem, THE process of composing THE poem, THE rights of THE author, and Globalization of THE Iranian poetry. Method: THE Delphi technique was used to carry out this research. A group of experts comprising professors in THE fields of Communication and Literature was selected. THE expert’s opinions were collected and analyzed through an in-depth interview, a questionnaire based on THE Likert scale, and by THE execution of three stages of Delphi rounds. Findings: Accordingly, considering THE content, THE experts predicted that due to THE impact of cyberspace, THE quality of THE poetry will be reduced and consequently, THE language of poetry will become simpler and close to prose and it will only reflect THE daily events of life. Regarding THE audience, THEy concluded that THE audience’s selection power will be increased, however, we can differentiate between THE public and professional audience. With respect to THE sender, THEre will be no phenomenon of multi authors, and regarding THE channel, THE experts agreed upon Media Convergence besides, THE poets’ agency in publishing THEir own poems will be increased. Conclusion: Experts believe that THE spread of communication technologies will make censorship ineffective. This is THE only case in which THE group believes in THE impact of technology on THE future of poetry. THE group of experts did not reach a consensus regarding THE impact of technology on THE phenomena such as publication of author’s poems as one’s original work and THE Globalization of Iranian poetry, thus, analyzed THEse items in THE framework of THE human agency.

Purpose: Something that happens in THE future of a scientific field depends on today's view of young people about THE future. THE perception of young people from THE future and THEir conception of THE future is very important. THE purpose of this study was to imaging THE future of sports science from THE perspective of educated youth. Method: THE method of THE present research is qualitative and exploratory research and in terms of purpose is applied research. THE statistical population of THE study included educated youth who are familiar with sports science and THE snowball sampling method was used for interviews and THEoretical saturation were obtained with 23 interviews. To analyze THE data, THE content analysis method has been used to obtain THE information of this research. Findings: THE results show THE future of sports science among educated youth consists of seven main concepts that include: hope for a green education system, excessive interest in working in THE sports industry, basic reengineering, relative disappointment from THE ability of authorities, social position through academic education, desire for empowerment and lack of skills, injustice, and utilitarianism. Conclusion: Finally, by observing THE mental images of THE youth, it can be stated that sports science will move towards THE dystopia if THE current situation continues, and it can move towards THE utopia with fundamental changes. In this direction, THE stakeholders of sports sciences need to be togeTHEr and disagreements need to be managed as well as arbitrariness of sports science professionals should be reduced.

Sea shells are natural-biological objects. THEy are embedded in geological layers in THE form of fossils, but also, to find in archaeological deposits as a result of human activities. Archaeologists can use THE provenance of shells in THE functional analysis of ancient sites in terms of social archeology and prehistoric trading activities. Aarcheological excavations in several sites of THE Iranian Plateau have shown that from THE 3rd third millennium B.C. onwards, finds of of sea shells (e.g. Lambis, Dentalium, etc.) rapidely increased. Such shells were for instance discovered from ritual cemetery contexts such as Shahdad, Tepe Hesar, Kale Nisar cemeteries or Bani Surma. THEse objects are mainly used as natural or polished shells. In some cases, THEy served as a raw material for making all kinds of beads, buttons, and oTHEr ornamental objects.. THE main question is to understand THE relationship between THE use of seashells and archaeological context, and also, THEir role in Bronze Age ritual life. In this article, THE descriptive, analytical method has been used in THE biological recognition of all types of shells. This method is also used based on similar studies on this issue in Mesopotamia's archeology of THE Sumerian-Akkadian period. THE distribution of recognizable species shows that THEse objects are concentrated in THE settlements from south to souTHEast of Iran in THE coastal strip of THE Persian Gulf, and from THE Oman Sea to THE Zagros intermountain valleys, as well as in THE northwest and norTHEast of Iran. THE biological origin can be placed in THE norTHErn shores of THE Oman Sea to THE Gulf of Kutch on THE norTHErn coast of THE Indian Ocean. It seems that with THE growth and development of urbanization in Southwest Asia and especially THE development of sea trade, oysters have been traded as valuable goods and oTHEr prestige goods. THE importance of THE shell findings is more than THE value of THE shells THEmselves because THEy were used as sacred goods in religious affairs. Analysis of THE fields where THE shells were discovered is more related to cemeteries and temples as sacred spaces. Also, THE significant presence of Lambis shells for THE production of specific ritual bowls, placed togeTHEr with bronze axes in graves, can be seen as THE reflection of a patriarchic tradition in THE social-political organisiation of THE third and second millennia B.C. Despite many excavations and THE discovery of many samples of THEse types of shells, no furTHErgoing investigation on THEse specific objects was undertaken so far. This desideratum reveals more valuable findings in THE archeology of THE Iranian plateau. THErefore, one of this article's final goals is to focus more on analyzing THE context of THE discovery of seashells in future Excavation